Adipocitoquinas y síndrome metabólico : rol de la vistafina en la patogenia de enfermedad cardiovascular

La enfermedad cardiovascular es la primera causa de morbi-mortalidad en los países industrializados. El síndrome metabólico, caracterizado por hipertensión, dislipidemia, obesidad e hiperglucemia, constituye el principal factor de riesgo para la enfermedad cardiovascular. El tejido adiposo visceral juega un papel fundamental en este proceso, dado que secreta una variedad de sustancias biológicamente activas denominadas adipoquinas o adipocitoquinas, tales como leptina, resistina, adiponectina, factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNFa), y visfatina entre otras. La visfatina es una citoquina descubierta recientemente y su rol en la enfermedad cardiovascular es controversial y aún no ha sido completamente dilucidado. Estudios realizados en humanos y en modelos experimentales en animales sugieren que la visfatina tendría un papel muy importante en las patologías asociadas a la enfermedad cardiovascular. Esta revisión intenta mostrar los últimos avances sobre el rol de la visfatina y las principales adipocitoquinas en las patologías cardiovasculares y el síndrome metabólico.

Selenized garlic: a future prospect or already a current functional food?

In the last years, functional foods have awakened consumer, scientific and business interest. A commonly found vegetable in such kind of foods includes garlic (Allium sativum). By its ability for selenium (Se) bio-accumulation, garlic can turn into an attractive option of selenized food. Selenium is an essential micronutrient for many organisms including plants, animals, and humans. It is an important trace element due to its antioxidant properties and plays a main role in prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in the study of Se speciation due to the different roles that each species manifests in toxicological and nutrition fields. However, Se exhibits a narrow interval between toxicity and essentiality, which is puzzling toxicologists and alarming nutritionists and legislators. In the present review, an overview on the development of selenized garlic studies and its potential implementation in Argentine production is exposed. The development of novel foods with added value such us selenized garlic could be an attractive alternative for local market. Moreover, it becomes a good offering for factory owners, considering that Mendoza represents about 85% of total garlic production in the country.